【八維功能形象化定義】

Si 已被認可的知識、規則、秩序，包括社會規則、社會道德、社會認可的知識（專家說）、自己儲存認可的知識、記憶、規則、信念。可以理解為存儲的信息是一座按規則堆積的山，可以按存儲規則去精準提取

Se 從參與外部世界獲得的體驗

Ni 在時間線上對趨勢的預測，忽略自己認為次要的信息，用主觀重要信息采用不完全歸納法推理預測。可以理解為儲存的信息在一個水平面中，而Ni就是在水面上按自己的規則瞬間移動的提取機。

Ne 對可能性的思考，由點到片，認為一個知識是一點，那么Ne會將這點作為圓心畫一個園，周邊的面積就是對各種可能性的推測。存儲的信息是一個水平面，在提取的時候是在某一點之上動態組成片并成片提取

Ti 演繹推理，更重視自己的理論架構推理，不考慮外界實際情況，傾向于從邏輯上判斷是否符合自己的完美準則。認為事物的規律都必須符合自己的先驗邏輯

Te 分類處理，主要作用于外部事物的物理結構，用邏輯思維處理外部世界，有些時候邏輯處理可能不完備但會符合現實情況。認為事物的規律是現場分析發現的

Fi 從自身價值和信念進行判斷，一般喜歡考慮：我是不是喜歡，我覺得怎么樣。即使別人黑心欺負但只要自己YY認可就挺好

Fe 分析判斷人際關系，一般考慮最多的是這樣做會多其他人造成什么樣的影響，再判斷自己是否接收，所以很容易導致為了讓他人開心而委屈自己的情況。一般政客必備 Fe，否則會死得很慘，所以在有些書中會寫 ENTP 能做政客，INTJ 要做政客必須具備充足到社會經驗

【使用八個維度時的自身體驗】

以下為分別使用 8個維度時的自身體驗的狀態。

Section 1: extraverted Sensing 外向感覺

How often do you...

1. notice sensory cues 敏感于感官線索

feel pulled to particular sensory details

automatically aware of where you and things are in physical space

notice relevant facts in a sea of data before you

強迫性的關注特定的感官細節(視,聽,觸,嗅..)

會自覺意識到自身所處的空間方位 或其他物件的空間方位

能在海量的數據中覺察到相互有關聯的事實存在

2. enjoy impulsive action 熱衷于即興行為

freely follow exciting physical impulses or instincts as they come up

enjoy the thrill of action and physical experience in the present moment

easily get in synch physically with people and things around you

能輕松自如的順從隨時產生的生理沖動 或本能

能立即享受到軀體運動經驗(如體育運動)而生的舒爽感

可以輕易地配合他人或物件的軀體動作, 形成協調的聯動

3. engage local context 融合于毗鄰環境

learn all the options and activities available in your local environment

do a variety of hands-on activity most days going at an easy-going pace

become totally absorbed as you move, touch and sense what's around

一切有用的知識和技能都是從自身周邊可觸知的環境中學得的

幾乎每天都會不緊不慢的做一些需要親自動手(手工)完成的活動

當感知(視,聽,觸,嗅..)周邊的事物, 時而會完全沉浸其中而忘我

4. seize immediate options 行動很迅速

quickly move to take actions to get some kind of immediate result

instantly read the cues to see just how far you can go

effortlessly vary actions to test the limits of what you can get away with

快速采取行動, 以得到立竿見影的效果

(stefan：典型的短期行為)

迅速檢查可用的線索, 判斷自己能在多大程度上解決問題

能根據時機隨意改變行動, 嘗試盡可能的將收獲/"戰果"最大化

5. sustain impactful style 個性很鮮明

set up people's responses and finesse an effect that makes an impact

impress by doing actions with uncanny skill to exceed limits and expectations

pull off results and get action simply by making a presence

總有些鬼點子能做出極其震撼的效果, 吸引到別人的回應

采取行動中會采用不循常規的技巧來取得超出預期的驚人效果

有時候玩命的完成一件事情, 僅僅為了引起別人的注意

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Section 2: introverted Sensing 內向感覺

How often do you...

1. notice detailed data 敏感于細節數據

collect detailed information

recognize familiar subtle sensory elements (specific aromas, spellings, etc)

feel pulled to halt something new to your experience

慣于收集細節性的信息 (stefan：比如對每日開支記賬)

能識別出(通常是其熟知的)十分細微的感知對象, 比如某種特殊的氣味, 某種拼寫方式, blablabla..

強迫性的抑制自己嘗試新經歷的沖動 (stefan：不愿改變現狀)

2. trust common experience 相信大眾常識

feel energized by participating in traditions or other customary activities

follow the work, ideas and example of others who have come before you

fulfill the same regular work or activity everyday at an even steady pace

在參與傳統的, 慣例性的活動時能感到身心放松, 體能恢復

自然地遵循先來者(已實踐過)的想法, 范例來辦事

習慣于每天都以衡穩的節奏作者常規性的工作/活動

3. use careful comparisons 謹慎的對比過去和現在

recall with accurate detail how something was like before

point out discrepancies from how things have always been compared to now

notice if something before you matches the expected details

能以精確的細節信息回憶起事/物過去的情形/形態

能指出以往比較事物的方式和現在比較事物方式之間的差異

當面前的某物在特定的細節要求上與預期相匹配時, 能敏感的覺察到這一點

4. create reliable foundation 為自己建立取信的基礎

gather lots of information over time to confirm a set standard

review the past to draw on the lessons of history, hindsight and experience

compare data against a storehouse of what is known to find what's reliable

會長期的收集大量的信息來肯定/確認某個既有的標準是對的

(stefan：可能意味著會越來越固執)

通過回顧歷史經驗而從中總結教訓, 得出"后見之明"的結論

(stefan：其實我當時已經想到會是這樣, 怎么就.. 唉..)

將信息/數據和自身已有的知識經驗儲備相比對, 從中提取自己認為"可信賴"的成分

(stefan：當然是和自己經歷相似的成分)

5. sustain ageless custom 堅持傳統, 不管它多老了

patiently shepherd others to their roles as they navigate life events new to them

sustain civilization and protect what's known and long-lasting

support and maintain institutions even while what is reliable changes

有耐心地教化別人, 培養別人去適應其"應該"成為社會角色, 指導別人去處理生活中以前未遇到過的"新"問題

(stefan：因為對于他們自己并不是新問題了)

堅持文明修養, 保護已知的和長久存在的事物

(stefan：所以為什么最難撼動的傳統通常是禮制呢..)

支持并維護老慣例和舊制度, 即使它已經明顯變得不可信賴了

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Section 3: extraverted Thinking 外向思考

How often do you...

1. notice sequential order 敏感于事物的因果次序

notice when something is not functioning right

usually know the time or which step you are at when doing a task

follow a straight line of reasoning

再事/物運行不正常時, 能敏感覺察到

做任務時能準確把握自己還有多少時間, 現在做到了哪一步

采用直線推理的邏輯方式

(stefan：一件事情的原因必是另一件事情的結果)

2. trust empirical thinking 相信實證思維

conform thinking to what is observed as measurable fact

challenge someone’s thinking based on the logic clearly before you two

lay out reasonable explanations for decisions or conclusions made

只思考可觀測可度量的現實事物

攻擊對方的思想時, 用的是雙方都明了的邏輯

(stefan：必然是外在的現實的邏輯, 因而大家都必須承認)

能為自己的決定/結論給出合乎邏輯的解釋

(stefan：Ti給不出這樣的解釋, 因為Ti的對象并不是現實存在的)

3. use control method 善用控制方法

sequence actions and organize time for optimal efficiency

control impulses and compartmentalize personal feelings and emotional reactions

structure and organize data and ideas in an easy-to-follow format

采用"序列行動", 以為取得最優效率而規劃最優的時間分配

(stefan：先做什么后做什么最省時間, 最少閑置資源)

壓制沖動行為, 隔離個人感受和情緒反應(的影響)

(stefan：計劃要穩定, 政策要持續, 做事情要有規律)

將信息和觀念都整合進一個易于貫徹的程式當中

(stefan：啥叫"致富"? "致富"就是多養豬, 多種樹)

4. create objective procedures 建立客觀流程

determine success by measurement or other objective method such as time taken

chart and monitor contingency plans based on various consequences

create a step-by-step procedure for people to complete a specific complex task

用計量方法和其他客觀方法衡量是否達到目標/成敗

(stefan：例如現代企業的指標化的績效管理)

為多種可能出現的情況制定應急計劃

(stefan：很嚴謹)

為細節性又復雜的任務制定"步進法"的工作程序

(stefan：想想"數字電視機頂盒安裝說明書")

5. sustain management strategy 堅持戰略管理

mobilize resources and supervise implementation of a multi-part plan

establish a method for others to successfully attain goals and objectives

organize and monitor people and things to work efficiently and productively

為宏觀性的多模塊的計劃調度資源, 監督其執行

為其他人建立一套能(成功)達到目標的方法

組織并監督人力資源和物力資源, 以實現高產出和高效率

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Section 4: introverted Thinking 內向思考

How often do you...

1. notice logical category 敏感于邏輯范疇

recognize a logical deduction

correctly classify or fit data according to a definition or model

notice logical inconsistencies in statements

善于識別演繹推理

(stefan：其實也是因果推理, 大概Te是有形的, Ti是無形的)

能正確的依據定義和模型歸類/匹配信息和數據

(stefan：敏感于信息/數據性質的不同)

能覺察出有關陳述中的邏輯混亂

(stefan：即推理上的矛盾)

2. value critical thinking 重視辯證思考

evaluate the likely accuracy of what's observed according to a model

focus on finding just the exact right words to say something accurately

analyze and critique to eliminate what doesn't fit with a principle

依據一個模型(通常只)以粗略的精確度來估測的事/物的特征

(stefan：喜歡定性, 不喜歡定量)

會集中精力尋找一個能恰好精確表述某項含義的合適措辭

(stefan：字斟句酌)

會分析和批判, 以清除/否定不符合某項原理的事物

(stefan：表現為先否定, 再分析, 而非先分析, 再決定要不要否定)

3. use problem solving 采用"解題"模式

get energized analyzing challenging problems or technical puzzles

tinker with a specific problem by trying a general approach or principle

take apart something to figure out the principles on which it works

在分析有挑戰性的難題或技術難關時倍感精力充沛

(stefan：能提出Question, 就有思考的方向)

傾向嘗試尋找"通法"解決具體的問題

(stefan：要解決所有這一類的問題, 而不是這一個)

將事/物拆分, 以弄清楚其中運作的原理是什么

(stefan：宏觀適用的原理都是由局部適用的原理抽象出來的)

4. refine universal model 精煉宏觀模型

search for terms that accurately describe the essential characteristics of a framework or approach

continuously refine and make ever-finer distinctions in definitions of principles

detach to analyze factors from various angles and leverage points

嘗試尋求能準確描述一項方法/范疇的核心特征的準確措辭

不斷的尋求精確化, 再精確化化原理之間在定義上的細微差別

游離于研究對象之外, 從多種角度和多個出發點來分析對象

5. sustain ruling principles 堅持一項基礎原則

continually try many angles at once as you attack and engage a problem

easily reference multiple frameworks at once while problem solving

maintain consistency with a ruling principle over a long period of time

能同時從很多不同的的角度來思考解決一個問題的方法

(stefan：思維的高度跳躍和遷移, 更像是是N的功能)

思考問題時能隨意的同時參考多個不同領域中的信息/知識

(stefan：還是更像N的功能)

會在長時間內采用一條基礎性的原則作為所有思路的基點, 來保持的來保持思維的連貫和一致

(stefan：以一條基本的假設作為衡量可能性真偽的標準)

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Section 5: extraverted Feeling 外向情感

How often do you...

1. feel others need 感受他人需要

feel pulled to be responsible and take care of others’ feelings

empathize with what someone says (how much it means to them)

take on what someone is feeling or thinking as if you are them

不自覺的從心中生出某種責任感, 感到自己應該照顧別人的感受

(stefan：同情心)

因他人說的話, 如"某事情對他們多么重要", 而在心中引起同感

(stefan：情感的內向投射)

開懷接納他人的感受, 又能設身處地為別人考慮

2. trust shared values 信仰"共享的價值觀"

prefer to self-disclose how you feel inside, your values, and issues you have

recognize and adhere to shared values, feelings and social norms to get along

feel affected by others' opinions of you, particularly those you admire and respect

(相比于隱藏情感), 更傾向于自我剖白, 表達自己的內心感受, 價值取向和經歷(過)的事情

認可, 忠實于公眾的價值觀, 公眾情感和社會規范

受他人對自己評價的影響, 尤其是自己所仰慕和崇敬的人的評價

3. use social connection 以社交聯絡感情

make people feel comfortable by engaging in hosting and care-taking

give the deserved praise, warmth and respect to people's feelings and opinions

reciprocate appreciation and honor the support others give you

以賓主之儀對客人關懷體貼, 讓別人感到很舒適

對他人的感受和看法表示出應有的贊揚, 關懷和尊重

會積極回應他人的稱贊, 對他人給予的支持表示敬意和感謝

4. make intimate commitments 表現親密聯系

merge and feel intimate oneness with others

easily take on someone else's needs and values with a commitment as one's own

guide social give-and-take to make people feel a certain way

在情感上能和別人融為一體, 讓人感覺親密無間

(stefan：可能同時有投射和內向投射的成分)

能十分輕易的將別人的需求和價值觀念轉移到自己身上, 就好像自己真的也這么想似的

(stefan：A:他真不是個東西 B:對, 他這人太不夠意思了)

會引導實踐"平等交換, 互諒互讓"的社交習俗, 以期讓大家都覺得這就是理所應當的做法

5. sustain communal spirit

spread values as a worthy ethical role-model people respect and admire

easily communicate personally to all persons in a group to feel together as one

form intimate connections with many people to meet their needs

仿佛一位受敬仰的道德模范一樣傳播自己的價值觀

(stefan：如果這種形象確實得到了外在的肯定, 就會更加明顯)

能輕易的和群體中的任何人進行個人交流, 感覺像親如一家似的

為滿足別人的需要, 能同時和很多人建立起親密的聯系

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Section 6: introverted Feeling 內向情感

How often do you...

1. feel gut reaction 善惡分明

feel strongly that something is good or bad

recognize what you want, what motivates you, or how you feel inside

detect if someone’s behavior is authentic or phony

強烈的感受到某事是"善"還是"惡"

(stefan：善惡的標準自然也是其個人的, 即可能是相悖于大眾的)

能清楚地意識到"我想要什么", "我的動機是什么","我內心的感受是怎樣的"

(stefan：真不容易, 羨慕a)

當一個人懷有虛偽或不真誠的動機時, 能覺察出來

2. trust personal beliefs 篤信個人信念

follow absolute ideals, a specific belief system, or empowering identity

loyally stick with your “group” (whatever that may be)

stay always true to what you want for yourself or others

會遵從某絕對化的理想, 個人, 信念體系或某個強勢的身份認同

(stefan：麻原札幌, 釋迦摩尼, 共?主義, 韓國公民)

忠誠的支持和跟隨其所屬的"群體", 不管這個群體是干什么的

(stefan：Nazi)

對自己和對他人的欲求/期望都十分真誠, 始終如一

3. make existential choice 做存在性的抉擇

evaluate how a belief applies to you personally

choose how you want to feel inside and change how you feel when needed

continually examine if choices match inner values system and intent

會估量如何能將一條信念應用于自身

(stefan：很好很虔誠)

能選擇"我該有怎樣的感受", 然后, 如需要, 就能改變自己的感受

(stefan：太牛了, 膜拜一萬下)

不斷的反思自己的選擇是否符合自己內在的價值觀和深層動機

4. create inner harmony 建立內在和諧

identify and defend what someone truly needs

patiently abide people how you can for their unique happiness

evaluate the most important stuff that is unsaid and unseen

能識別出并保護別人的真實需求

(stefan：牛)

為了讓別人享受各自的快樂而盡力耐心的忍受別人

(stefan：牛)

會評估那些未被人們說出來或者察覺到的卻又很重要的事物(eggkoo)

5. sustain human balance 保持人性平衡

continually weigh the situational worth or importance of everything

patiently keep balancing the core issues of peace and conflict in life's situations

sustain a life of faith in a universal spirit of compassion and community

不斷的衡量一切東西對于情境價值

(stefan：房間里擺一束花, 它讓人心情愉快, 它就有情境價值)

耐心的在各種生活處境中平衡安寧與沖突的因素

保持一種以普世意義的公益心+慈善心為自身信仰的生活

(stefan：Bill Gates)

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Section 7: extraverted Intuiting 外向直覺

How often do you...

1. notice hidden meaning "背后的意義“很隱秘

perceive moments of synchronicity or convergence

understand metaphors or analogies that explain ideas

experience a strange "knowing" or magical moment

能"感知"到共時瞬間

(stefan：你看了一眼電話, 突然覺得它會響, 于是它就響了)

能明白用來解釋一項觀點的類比和隱喻

(stefan：Ne本身也喜歡用類比/隱喻來解釋自己的想法 )

會經歷某種莫名其妙的"知道"或其它詭異的時刻

(stefan：你選擇了岔路1而不是2, 于是你活了下來, 他們都死了..)

2. enjoy imaginative links 自由聯想很享受

appreciate brainstorming and trust what emerges

float various potential, unrelated ideas just to see where they might lead

pluck an idea from the invisible flow of ideas drifting in the air

看重自由辯論, 也相信自由辯論中得出的結論

(stefan：Ne往往需要這種方式來擴展自己的視野)

會聯想各種毫不關聯的想法, 就為了看看最后能組合出什么

(stefan：學名叫做yy)

能隨意的從一串(就像飄忽于空中的)想法中抽取出一項觀點

3. engage creative flow 捕捉創意意識流

follow potential possibilities as they emerge in the moment

juggle many tangential thoughts and abstractions at once without focusing on one

perceive endless potential meanings from threads of ideas

有立即實踐隨時想到的可能性的沖動

(stefan：似乎只有Ne本身是主功能的時候才很明顯)

任思維在許多無形的觀念, 抽象的想法之間來回跳躍, 而不聚焦于其中的某一個

(stefan：甚至會變成強迫性的傾向)

能從一串想法中"感知"出幾乎無限多的可能的涵義

(stefan：太多可能性以至于不知道哪個是最真實的)

4. make remarkable inferences 語出必驚人

weave into the current situation aspects of other, random contexts

quickly entertain a wealth of possible interpretations when first meeting an idea

enjoy imaginatively playing with scenarios and combining possibilities

能隨機的將其他情境中的視角或看法遷移到當前的情境中來

(stefan：Ne的視野廣度體現于此)

首次面對某項觀點時, 心里會迅速想到一堆可能的說法來解釋它

熱衷于有想象力的進行情景游戲, 隨意的搭配各種可能性

(stefan：還是yy)

5. catalyze potential situations 催化可能變為現實

catalyze people and extemporaneously shape situations

transform situations and others by way of indirect suggestions and redirection

spread an atmosphere of change through emergent leadership

會"催化"別人, 且會不時的即興改造下環境

(stefan：“催化”可能指促使別人向著自己認為正確的方向"進步")

以間接的建議方式或領導風格來實現對環境和他人的轉變

(stefan：說白了就是不做決定)

以emergent leader的身份來傳播一種變革的的氣氛

(stefan：實質上是內部瓦解)

(more about "emergent leader")

*********************************************************************

Section 8: introverted Intuiting 內向直覺

How often do you...

1. have sudden realization 頓悟

experience a premonition or foresee the unexpected

feel pulled to the symbolic, archetypal or mysterious

suddenly realize an "ah ha!" answer out of nowhere

體驗過對于預期之外的事情的預先感知(預見)

強迫性地被象征性的, 有關"原型"的或有神秘色彩的東西吸引

會無征兆的憑空就"頓悟"出了某件事的答案

2. trust future change 相信未來的變化

feel energized when dwelling on an image of future change or transformation

stay focused on fulfilling a vision or dream of how things will be in the future

feel certain that future changes will unfold in a foreseen way

在沉浸于對未來的變化/變革的設想時會倍感興奮

持續的致力于要實現未來應發生的變化的愿景(夢想)

深信未來就會發生今天預見到的變化

3. use magical guide 奇幻的精神向導

rely on a focal device or symbolic action to predict, enlighten or transform

gain a profound realization from a mystical state or catharsis

layout how the future will unfold based on unseen trends and telling signs

會依賴于誦經念咒或其他象征性的行為來預測, 靈啟, 或轉變

能從精神凈化或某種神秘狀態中獲得深邃的領悟

會依據不可見的趨勢或預兆來展現"未來會發生什么"

4. create innovative answers 給出創新的解答

work out a complex concept or system of thinking about things in a new way

deliberately pick a specific problem to sleep on and awaken with the full answer

conceive of symbolic or novel ways to understand things that are universal

以新思路來弄明白一項挺復雜的概念或系統

會刻意帶著某一個具體的問題入睡, 醒來時就有答案了

設想一種新奇的 或象征性的方式去理解那些普遍存在的事物

5. sustain transformed existence 存在可以"變形"

regularly use ideas and tools that transform how you understand existence

transform yourself in a specific way by focusing on another version of yourself

create transcendent experiences or solutions that transcend a problem

經常性或有規律的使用些方法改變你理解"存在"的方式

通過聚焦于自己的另一種可能的存在方式, 能將自己"變形"

(stefan：是不是就可以偽裝別人了?)

能創造一種超越于具體問題本身的極其偉大的解決方法